Théorie des couleurs
Qu'est-ce que la théorie des couleurs ?
La théorie des couleurs est une multitude de catégories, de définitions et de concepts.
Ce didacticiel couvre les parties les plus utiles pour la conception Web :
- Couleurs primaires, secondaires et tertiaires
- Roues chromatiques (RVB, CMJ, RYB)
- Teinte, luminosité et saturation des couleurs
La couleur de la lumière
Sir Isaac Newton a développé la théorie selon laquelle toutes les couleurs sont des mélanges de lumière rouge , verte et bleue .
Cela a abouti au premier cercle de couleurs connu en 1666.
La couleur de la peinture
En 1766, le scientifique Moses Harris a créé la première roue chromatique pour classer le rouge , le jaune et le bleu comme couleurs primaires.
Moses Harris worked with paint (Newton worked with light) following a theory (by a French painter) that all colors are mixtures of Red, Yellow, and Blue pigments.
Color Systems
In this tutorial we will cover 3 different color systems:
- The color system used when producing colors by light (RGB)
- The color system used when printing (CMY)
- The color system used by artist and painters (RYB)
Printing actually uses a four ink color system.
CMYK: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Key (black).
Primary Colors
Primary colors are the main colors in a given color system.
Primary colors can not be produced by mixing other colors a color system.
The primary colors for light are Red, Green, and Blue:
| RGB | Red | Green | Blue |
The primary colors for print are Cyan, Magenta, and Yellow:
| CMY | Cyan | Magenta | Yellow |
The primary colors for paint are Red, Yellow, and Blue:
| RYB | Red | Yellow | Blue |
Secondary Colors
Secondary colors are made by mixing two primary colors in a color system
There are 3 secondary colors in the color systems described here.
Mixing Light (RGB)
Secondary colors are Yellow, Cyan Magenta.
| Red | + | Green | = | Yellow |
| Green | + | Blue | = | Cyan |
| Blue | + | Red | = | Magenta |
Mixing Ink (CMY)
Secondary colors are Blue, Red, Green.
| Cyan | + | Magenta | = | Blue |
| Magenta | + | Yellow | = | Red |
| Yellow | + | Cyan | = | Green |
Note that mixing the primary colors of CMY produces the primary colors of light (RGB)
Mixing Paint (RYB)
Secondary colors are Orange, Green, Purple.
| Red | + | Yellow | = | Orange |
| Yellow | + | Blue | = | Green |
| Blue | + | Red | = | Purple |
Tertiary Colors
Tertiary colors are made by mixing one primary and one secondary color in a color system.
There are six named tertiary colors in RYB:
- Red-Orange
- Yellow-Orange
- Yellow-Green
- Blue-Green
- Blue-Purple
- Red-Purple
