Référence d'expression régulière JavaScript
Objet RegExp
Une expression régulière est un modèle de caractères.
Le modèle est utilisé pour effectuer des fonctions de correspondance de modèle "rechercher et remplacer" sur le texte.
En JavaScript, un RegExp Object est un modèle avec Properties et Methods .
Syntaxe
/pattern/modifier(s);
Exemple
let pattern = /w3schools/i;
Exemple expliqué :
w3schools | Le modèle à rechercher |
---|---|
/w3schools/ | Une expression régulière |
/w3schools/i | Une expression régulière insensible à la casse |
Pour un didacticiel sur les expressions régulières, lisez notre didacticiel JavaScript RegExp .
Prise en charge du navigateur
/regexp/
est une fonctionnalité ECMAScript1 (ES1).
ES1 (JavaScript 1997) est entièrement pris en charge dans tous les navigateurs :
Chrome | IE | Edge | Firefox | Safari | Opera |
Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Modificateurs
Les modificateurs sont utilisés pour effectuer des recherches globales et insensibles à la casse :
Modifier | Description |
---|---|
g | Perform a global match (find all matches rather than stopping after the first match) |
i | Perform case-insensitive matching |
m | Perform multiline matching |
Supports
Les parenthèses sont utilisées pour trouver une plage de caractères :
Expression | Description |
---|---|
[abc] | Find any character between the brackets |
[^abc] | Find any character NOT between the brackets |
[0-9] | Find any character between the brackets (any digit) |
[^0-9] | Find any character NOT between the brackets (any non-digit) |
(x|y) | Find any of the alternatives specified |
Métacaractères
Les métacaractères sont des caractères ayant une signification particulière :
Metacharacter | Description |
---|---|
. | Find a single character, except newline or line terminator |
\w | Find a word character |
\W | Find a non-word character |
\d | Find a digit |
\D | Find a non-digit character |
\s | Find a whitespace character |
\S | Find a non-whitespace character |
\b | Find a match at the beginning/end of a word, beginning like this: \bHI, end like this: HI\b |
\B | Find a match, but not at the beginning/end of a word |
\0 | Find a NULL character |
\n | Find a new line character |
\f | Find a form feed character |
\r | Find a carriage return character |
\t | Find a tab character |
\v | Find a vertical tab character |
\xxx | Find the character specified by an octal number xxx |
\xdd | Find the character specified by a hexadecimal number dd |
\udddd | Find the Unicode character specified by a hexadecimal number dddd |
Quantificateurs
Quantifier | Description |
---|---|
n+ | Matches any string that contains at least one n |
n* | Matches any string that contains zero or more occurrences of n |
n? | Matches any string that contains zero or one occurrences of n |
n{X} | Matches any string that contains a sequence of X n's |
n{X,Y} | Matches any string that contains a sequence of X to Y n's |
n{X,} | Matches any string that contains a sequence of at least X n's |
n$ | Matches any string with n at the end of it |
^n | Matches any string with n at the beginning of it |
?=n | Matches any string that is followed by a specific string n |
?!n | Matches any string that is not followed by a specific string n |
Propriétés de l'objet RegExp
Property | Description |
---|---|
constructor | Returns the function that created the RegExp object's prototype |
global | Checks whether the "g" modifier is set |
ignoreCase | Checks whether the "i" modifier is set |
lastIndex | Specifies the index at which to start the next match |
multiline | Checks whether the "m" modifier is set |
source | Returns the text of the RegExp pattern |
Méthodes d'objet RegExp
Method | Description |
---|---|
compile() | Deprecated in version 1.5. Compiles a regular expression |
exec() | Tests for a match in a string. Returns the first match |
test() | Tests for a match in a string. Returns true or false |
toString() | Returns the string value of the regular expression |